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    • 专利摘要:
    TRANSPARENT PANEL WITH HEATABLE COATING, AS WELL AS THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR THE SAME The present invention relates to a transparent panel with a transparent heatable coating, which extends at least part of the panel surface, in particular the visual field. The heatable coating is subdivided into at least one heatable coating free zone and in at least one first heatable coating zone to a second heatable coating zone, in which both heatable coating zones are thus electrically connected with at least two conductors. collects respectively, such that after a supply voltage, which is supplied by a voltage source, a current circulates through at least a first heating field formed by the first heatable coating zone and at least a second heating field formed by the second heatable coating zone respectively. At least one heating element is disposed in the free zone of the heatable coating, which has such an ohmic resistance, that by applying the supply voltage to the heating element the panel is heated in a surface area containing the free zone of coating heatable. So, at least (...).
    公开号:BR112012022794B1
    申请号:R112012022794-7
    申请日:2011-05-10
    公开日:2020-07-07
    发明作者:Susanne Lisinski；Dang Cuong Phan；Bernhard Reul；Gunther Vortmeier；Günther Schall
    申请人:Saint-Gobain Glass France；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    [0001] The present invention relates to a type of transparent panel with electrically heated coating, as well as a process for its manufacture.
    [0002] The panels with electrically heated, transparent coating are known as such and already frequently described in the patent literature. Only in this case are the patent application documents DE 10200705286, DE 102008018147 A1 and DE 102008029986 A1 referred to in this case.
    [0003] In motor vehicles, they are often used as windshield panels, as the central visual field ("visual field A") of windshield panels, unlike rear windows, may present, due to legal requirements, no limitations. visibility. Through the heat produced by the heated coating, condensed moisture, ice or snow can be removed within a short time even in the central visual field.
    [0004] Transparent panels with electrically heated coating are, as a rule, configured as composite panels, in which two individual panels, for example, are connected to each other through a thermoplastic adhesive layer. The heatable coating is arranged, for example, on the surface of one of the two individual panels adjacent to the thermoplastic adhesive layer. However, different superstructures are also known, in which the heating coating is applied, for example, on a support sheet, which is then glued in turn with the two individual panels. The heatable coating, which consists, for example, of metal or metal oxide, can be configured as the individual layer or a sequence of layers, comprising at least such an individual layer.
    [0005] The heating current is introduced, as a rule, into the heatable coating through at least a pair of electrodes in the form of a strip or strip ("busbars"). These should, as collection conductors, introduce the heating current as uniformly as possible into the coating and distribute it widely. Since strip-shaped collection conductors are non-transparent, they are typically coated with opaque masking stripes. These normally consist of a non-conductive material, dyed black, cookable, which is applied, for example, as a screen printing paste with the help of screen printing processes on the panel.
    [0006] The electrical surface resistance of the heated coating currently used in industrial series production of materials is relatively high and can be in the order of magnitude of many ohms per unit area. However, in order to achieve sufficient heating power, the corresponding heating voltage should be high, whereas, for example, in the car standard only a voltage of 12 to 24 volts is available on board.
    [0007] Basically, the layer thickness of the heated coating can increase, thereby decreasing the surface resistance, which is always accompanied by a reduction in the optical transmission of the panel and thus it is also possible to be limited due to legal requirements only. Since the resistance of the face increases with the length of the current path, the collector of opposite polarity must have the shortest possible distance from each other, in order to achieve the greatest possible heating power.
    [0008] In motor vehicle window panels, which are usually wider than tall, the collection conductors are therefore typically arranged along the long sides of the panel (in mounting position above and below) , so that the heating current can circulate over the shortest path of the panel height. In addition, they are arranged as close as possible to the coating edges of the masking stripes. This design has, however, as a consequence, that in the area of an inoperative or stationary position for cleaning the panel provided with windshield wipers, there is usually no sufficient heating power, so that windshield wipers can Freeze.
    [0009] A solution to this problem is proposed in EP 1454509 B1. There, in the transparent panel disclosed, a heatable visual field is included through two current collection tracks, in which the visual field is divided through one of the two current collection tracks and especially through an area for removing an area coating. supplementary heated. In the supplementary heated area are supplementary current tracks of opposite polarity provided to heat the panel in the masked area below the visual fields.
    [0010] On the other hand, the object of the present invention is to further develop the transparent panel with electrically heated coating in the most advantageous way, in which especially the heating power in the area of an inoperative or stationary position of the windshield wipers is further improved. These and other objectives are solved according to the proposal of the invention through a transparent panel with heatable coating with the characteristics of the independent patent claims. Advantageously the modalities of the invention are determined by the characteristics of the dependent claims.
    [0011] The transparent panel comprises an electrically heated, transparent coating, which extends essentially at least over a part of the surface of the panel, especially over those of the central visual field. The heatable coating is divided by at least one coating-free zone into at least two coating zones separated from one another, namely a first coating zone and a second coating zone. Both coating zones are galvanically separated from each other through the free coating zone.
    [0012] In addition, the coating zones are electrically connected with at least two collection conductors respectively, which after applying a supply voltage, which is supplied from a voltage source, an electrical current circulates over a moment. at least a first heating field formed by the first coating zone and at least a second heating field formed by the second coating zone. Those supply voltages applied in both coating zones can be identical or different from each other, where they are preferably identical and supplied from the same voltage source.
    [0013] The collection conductors can, for example, be implemented as electrodes in the form of a strip or strip and arranged in comparison with those of electrically heated coatings of high relative ohmic resistance over an electrical resistance of low relative ohmic resistance. As a rule, the collection conductors organize themselves when compared to the heatable covering, ignoring the ohmic resistance, so that they are heated by the impact with the insignificant supply voltage and consequently provide virtually no contribution to the heating of the panel.
    [0014] According to the proposal of the invention at least one heating element is arranged in the free zone of coating, which has such an ohmic resistance, that by applying the supply voltage to the heating element the panel is heatable in one area surface comprising the coating-free zone. The supply voltage applied to the heating element can be identical or different from the supply voltage of the coating zone, where preferably an identical supply voltage is applied to the heating element and in both coating zones, which is provided in a same voltage source. In addition, the at least one heating element is configured, so that by applying the supply voltage to the heating element the panel is also heatable (essentially) on at least one surface area adjacent to the coating free zone, which comprises at least one of the collection conductor, through thermal conduction and (in a very low proportion) through thermal radiation. This can be especially achieved, so that the specific heating power (surface heating power, for example, expressed in Watt / dm2) of at least one of the heating elements is greater than the specific heating power of the field. heating with which its coating zone which is electrically connected to the surface area containing the collection conductor.
    [0015] Through this measure, it is possible to achieve a more advantageous way, that not only the free zone of coating is heated, but also a surface area of the panel with a collecting conductor adjacent to the free zone of coating, in which no there is no considerable heating power through the heatable coating. For example, the specific heating power of at least one heating element is for that purpose at least 20%, especially at least 30% greater than the specific heating power of those heating fields, where the difference in heating powers that appears on the other hand should not be so great that the unwanted large thermal stresses on the panel. In this sense, it can be especially advantageous when the specific heating power in the free zone corresponds to a maximum of 8 Watt / dm2
    [0016] The at least one heating element is advantageously configured, so that in the adjacent surface area of the panel, which presents the collection conductor, by heating the heating element a specific heating power is reached, which corresponds to the minus the specific heating power of the heating fields, with which the collection conductor is electrically connected.
    [0017] In addition, it can be advantageous in relation to a good heat transfer from the free zone of coating in which the collecting conductor containing the neighboring surface area, when a distance between the at least one heating element and that in the The neighboring surface area that contains the collection conductor is possibly small and, for example, is located in the margin of a few millimeters and corresponds especially to a maximum of 1 millimeter.
    [0018] In a special mode of the panel, according to the invention, as a windshield panel for cars it comprises two coating zones, which are separated from each other galvanically through a free coating zone, in which it is a first coating zone located in the area of the central visual field of the panel and a second coating zone in the area of an inoperative or stationary position of the windshield wipers. Although both the first coating zone and the second coating zone are respectively electrically connected with at least two collection conductors (directly), through which a first heating field is formed in the area of the central visual field of the panel and a second heating field. heating in the area of the windscreen wipers inoperative or stationary position. For example, the collection conductors can be configured in the form of a strip or strip, in which the first heating field in the central visual field of the panel, in particular, can be limited by two strip-shaped collection conductors spaced from each other. In the installed condition, the automotive windshield panel is then typically ordered over a first (upper) heating field in the visual field of the panel with an upper and lower collecting conductor, through which the first heating field is limited , and a second (bottom) heating field in the area of the inoperative or stationary position of the windscreen wipers, which are galvanically separated from each other through a coating free zone. Thereby, in the coating-free zone which contained at least one heating element, the coating-free zone can be heated. Therefore, a surface area of the panel, which joins the free zone of coating and comprises the lower collecting conductor of the first heating field, which is heated through the heating element essentially based on thermal conduction. The lower collecting conductor connects in a typical way to the coating free zone.
    [0019] The panel, according to the invention, then presents a division of the heating coating in at least two heating fields separated from each other through a coating free zone, in which a coating free zone containing the surface area of the panel can be heated, and in which a surface area of the panel here adjacent, which in fact is ordered over a heatable coating, does not however belong to the heating field, and is heatable through the heating element, to reliably avoid and certainly especially a freezing of a car windshield panel on that surface area.
    [0020] In industrial series production, the heated coating is removed, for example, mechanically by means of an emery, in which it is basically also an ablation through the application of a possible laser beam. Typically, a mechanical coating removal accompanies structural weakening, or thinning of the panel. In addition, the heat-absorbing properties (IR-Absorption) are different in the coated and uncoated surface areas, so that in the case that it may occur, the geometry of the panel in the coated surface areas in the panel folding changes in a non- and, for example, create a tubercular protrusion. For these reasons, it is generally desirable that between the two adjacent heating fields have the zone of free coating located on a low relative surface, for example, expressed through a low relative amplitude (perpendicular dimension of its length) of a strip-free zone of coating. However, these efforts are determined from the limits of practical considerations, since removing a coating with a relatively short cycle time requires a certain breadth of the grinding wheel and the grinding wheel is used, as a rule, in different areas of the panel , for example, for removing the covering of communication windows. For this reason the areas of removed coating are manufactured in practice with a certain amplitude, which realizes a local freezing of the panel without the corresponding countermeasure probably. This can be somewhat more advantageous as in such designed car windshield panels, when the lower collecting conductor joins the removed coating zone, so that in a conventional way the unheated area of the panel is actually increased in the adjacent removed coating zone, in the lower collection conductor that presents the surface area. According to the invention, it can be reliably and safely avoided both in the free zone of the coating and in the adjacent area, to the lower collection conductor which comprises the surface area freezing by heating the at least one heating element.
    [0021] While the collection conductor as mentioned above due to its low ohmic resistance emits only very little heat and sends no considerable contribution to the heating power, the at least one heating element is ordered on a significant high resistance and is suitable as the collection conductor, to heat the free coating zone comprising the surface area of the panel, in which at least one free coating zone is heated adjacent to the surface area of the panel with at least one collection conductor essentially through of thermal conduction.
    [0022] Preferably, the heating element extends over an essentially part of the free coating zone, in order to achieve a more uniform and complete heating of the free coating zone and of a collecting conductor that presents the surface area. adjacent to the panel.
    [0023] In the panel according to the invention, each coating zone is electrically connected with at least two collection conductors, in which between both the collection conductors of a coating area itself form a heating field and the collection conductor especially joins the heating field. For connection to a pole of a voltage source that supplies the collection conductor, the at least two sheath zones can be separated electrically or electrically connected to each other. In the second case for the connection to a pole of a voltage source that supplies the collection conductor, the at least two coating zones can be configured as parts of a single collection conductor.
    [0024] Basically, the coating zones and at least one heating element can have external connectors separated from each other and be electrically powered independently of each other. According to the invention, however, it is preferable to supply the coating area and the heating element together with the same supply voltage, which is supplied from the same voltage source. For this purpose, it is an advantage when the heating element is electrically connected with at least two collection conductors from the coating zone, which are supplied to an electrical connection with different poles of the voltage source. This measure allows for a simple technical realization, particularly of the panel, since the heating element does not need to be connected with separate external connectors and when heating at least one heating field is also constantly impinged with the supply voltage and consequently heated. In this sense it is an additional advantage, when the collection conductor of both coating zones, which are supplied respectively by a connection with a proper pole of the voltage source, are electrically connected, so that not only the heating element together with at least one heating field, but also at least two heating fields together can be heated.
    [0025] In an additional advantageous embodiment of the transparent panel according to the invention, a first collection conductor provided for connection to a pole comprises a first collection conductor section connected to the first coating zone and at least a second conductor section collection connected to the second coating zone. Therefore, the second section of the collecting conductor extends, for example, originating from the first section of the collecting conductor at least transversely, especially perpendicular, to the first section of the collecting conductor, where the second section of the collecting conductor collection and the first section of the collection conductor, for example, can form an angle ranging between 45 ° and 135 °. On the other hand, a second collection conductor provided for connection to the other pole comprises a third section of collection conductor connected to the first coating zone and at least a fourth section of collection conductor connected to the second coating zone which extends, for example. example, to the first section of the collection conductor without being electrically connected for this purpose. This measure allows for a simple technical realization particularly of the electrical connection of the collection conductor of both coating zones.
    [0026] In addition, it can be an advantage when the free zone of coating is divided through the second section of the collection conductor into at least two parts of the zone of approximately equal size, in which the second section of the collection conductor is arranged between the two fourth sections of the collection conductor. In addition, it can be an advantage when at least one heating element is arranged in each part of the zone in order to achieve the most effective heating possible of the coating free zone comprising the surface areas of the panel.
    [0027] In an additional advantageous mode, according to the invention, the transparent panel and the heating element are configured, so that by applying the supply voltage to the surface area of the panel, which comprises the first section of the conductor collection, it is heatable. By this measure, the relative cold surface areas of the first sections of the collection conductor can also be heated, so that the heating power of the panel is improved as a whole.
    [0028] In an additional advantageous mode, according to the invention, the transparent panel comprises the heating element of the same material as the collection conductor, in which it can be specially produced from a metallic printing paste, especially the paste screen printing.
    [0029] In an additional advantageous embodiment, according to the invention, the transparent panel is configured as a composite panel. The composite panel comprises a rigid or flexible internal and external panel, which are connected to each other through at least one thermoplastic adhesive layer. It is understood that both individual panels need not necessarily consist of glass, but that these can also consist of a non-glassy material, for example, plastic.
    [0030] Advantageously, according to the invention, the transparent panel is deployed as a windshield panel for cars, in which the heating element is located in the area of an inoperative or stationary position for cleaning the panel comprising the wipers windshield. Through the possibility of heating the panel in the area of the coating free zone and heating in the adjacent surface area with a collecting conductor, freezing the windscreen wiper can be effectively prevented in the inoperative or stationary position in an especially advantageous way.
    [0031] The invention further extends to a process for the manufacture of a transparent panel with a transparent coating, electrically heated, comprising the following steps: Fabricating a panel provided with a heating coating, for example, by applying the coating on a plate, from which the panel is then formed, or by applying the coating on a pre-formed panel; Form at least one free coating zone, through which the heatable coating is divided (galvanically) into at least one first coating zone and a second coating zone; Manufacture at least two sampling conductors, which are electrically connected with both coating zones, which after applying a supply voltage, an electric current circulates over at least one first heating field formed by the first formed coating zone and the at least a second heating field formed by the second coating zone respectively; Manufacture at least one heating element in the coating free zone, through which a surface area of the panel comprising the coating free zone is heatable and in which at least one heating element is configured, so that by applying the supply voltage in the heating element the panel is heatable in at least one surface area adjacent to the coating free zone, which comprises at least one of the collection conductor.
    [0032] The coating-free zone can be produced, for example, by masking the application of the heating coating. Alternatively, the coating-free zone can be produced by mechanical ablation after the application of the heated coating.
    [0033] It can be an advantage when the heating element is made of the same material as the collection conductor and together with it is formed. Therefore, the heating element and the collecting conductor can, for example, be produced through printing, especially screen printing. Only for the sake of completeness, which alternatively would also be possible, to manufacture the heating element from a metal wire and / or a sheet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0034] The invention is now exemplified more precisely by means of execution examples, in relation to the figures used that accompany it. These show a simplified representation, not to scale:
    [0035] Figure 1 is a schematic view of an example of the panel, according to the invention, in its modality as a windshield panel of a vehicle;
    [0036] Figure 1A is a schematic view of the windshield panel assembly of Figure 1;
    [0037] Figure 2 an enlarged detail of the windshield panel of Figure 1;
    [0038] Figure 3A to 3B different perspective views to illustrate an exemplary manufacturing process for the windshield panel of Figure 1;
    [0039] Figure 4 is a flow diagram in connection with the processes described in Figures 3A to 3B. Detailed Description of Drawings
    [0040] In Figures 1, 1A and 2, an automobile windshield panel with the reference number 1, whose representation corresponds to a typical mounting position on the vehicle, is illustrated as an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The windshield panel 1 is developed as a composite panel, the assembly of which is shown more precisely in Figure 1A. Accordingly, the windshield panel 1 comprises a rigid outer panel 2, arranged on the outside, and a rigid internal panel 3, arranged on the inside, and both are developed as individual panels and connected to each other over a thermoplastic adhesive layer 4, here, for example, a sheet of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), sheet of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or sheet of polyurethane (PU). Both individual panels are approximately the same size (the inner panel is slightly smaller), have a trapezoidal curved outline and are, for example, made of glass, in which they can be produced equally, but also of a non-glassy material such as plastic . For another application as a windshield panel, it is also possible to manufacture both individual panels from a flexible material.
    [0041] The outline of the external and internal panel 2, 3 results through a common external border 5, identified later as "panel border". According to the trapezoidal shape, both individual panels 2, 3 are arranged respectively on two opposing elongated sides, which in the mounting position correspond to the top and bottom edge of the panel 5a, and two opposed shortened sides, which in the mounting position correspond to the left and right edge of panel 5b.
    [0042] On the side of the inner panel 3 connected to the adhesive layer 4, a transparent heatable coating 6 is separated, which serves the windshield panel 1 for electric heating. The heatable coating 6 is applied essentially completely extensively to the inner panel 3, where a region of the edge 7 of the inner panel 3 is not circumferentially coated on all sides and an outer edge 8 of the heatable coating 6, is designated later as edge of the heating layer 8, opposite the edge of the panel 5 after being moved inwardly internally. This measure helps to electrically insulate the heatable coating 6 from the outside. In addition, the heated coating 6 is protected against corrosion advancing at the edge of the panel 5.
    [0043] The heatable coating 6 is divided galvanically by means of a horizontal stripe 9 free of a heating layer. The horizontal stripe 9 is arranged close to the lower edge of the panel 5a and extends essentially parallel thereto to the region of the edge 7 free of heatable layer to the left and right of the edge of the panel 5b. The heatable coating 6 then positions itself from a first heatable coating zone 10 (upper in the mounting position) and a second heatable coating zone 11 (lower in the mounting position), which are galvanically separated from each other. The edge region 7 and the horizontal stripes 9 can be produced by subsequently removing (removing the coating) the heatable coating 6 or by masking the inner panel 3 in the area of the edge stripes and horizontal stripes that form respectively, before the elimination of the heating coating 6.
    [0044] Furthermore, the windshield panel 1 is provided with a communication window 12 free of heat-resistant coating for data transmission, which is known to the person skilled in the art. The communication window 12 is of no interest in understanding the invention, so that it does not need to have any closer influence here.
    [0045] The transparent heatable coating 6 comprises in its known manner a layer sequence with at least one electrically conductive metallic sublayer, preferably silver (Ag), and possibly additional sublayers such as blocking and anti-reflective coating layers. Advantageously, the thermal layer sequence is highly resistant, so that it can withstand the high temperatures required to bend the glass panels, typically at more than 600 ° C, without prejudice, where also the thermally weak layer sequence can be proportionate. Rather than being applied directly to the inner panel 3, it could, for example, also be applied to a plastic sheet, which is subsequently glued to the outer and inner panel 2, 3. Heatable coating 6 is applied, for example , through spraying (magnetron sputtering). The surface resistance of the heatable coating 6 can, for example, correspond to each ohm / unit area, where the surface resistance is typically in the range of 0.5 to 6 ohm / unit area.
    [0046] Both heating layer zones 10, 11 are electrically connected with a first collection conductor 13 together and with a second collection conductor 14 together. The first collection conductor 13 is provided with a connection pole, for example, negative pole, the second collection conductor 14 is provided with a connection pole, for example, the positive pole, from a (not shown) voltage source . Both collection conductors 13, 14 can be divided in relation to their function at least theoretically into different sections. Thus, the second collection conductor 14 is ordered along the edge of the elongated upper panel 5a that extends to the upper cross section 15 (in the introduction of the description indicated as “second collection conductor section”) and the first collection conductor 13 to the along the edge of the elongated lower panel 5a extending to the lower cross section 16 (in the introduction of the description indicated as the first section of the collection conductor), which has at least approximately one parallel course. Both cross sections 15, 16 are applied over the upper heatable coating zone 10 respectively and are in direct electrical contact with it. Therefore, the upper cross-section 15 joins the region of the upper edge 7, the cross-section 16 lower than the horizontal stripes 9. Through both cross-sections 15, 16 a first heating field 17 is delimited within the heatable coating zone 10 for heating a visual field of the windscreen panel 1 included respectively. The first heating field 17 especially covers the central visual field of the windscreen panel 1, so that freezing can be reliably and safely prevented.
    [0047] As can be obtained especially in Figure 1 A, the outer panel 2 is provided with an opaque paint layer 18, which is applied over the part adjacent to the adhesive layer 4. The paint layer 18 is, for example, made from a circumferential dot-matrix area 27 in the form of a frame, configured, for example, as a dot matrix, in which a complete printed printing area connects together laterally. The paint layer 18 preferably consists of a material dyed black, non-electrically conductive, which can be cooked on the outer panel 2. It prevents, on the one hand, the layer from being glued on an adhesive wire (not shown), with the windshield 1 on the car body, on the other hand it serves as UV protection for the adhesive material used. The paint layer 18 especially covers both cross sections 15, 16 and the communication window 12. The circumferential dot-shaped matrix area 27 defines the visual field of the windshield panel 1, where the visual field and the first heating field 15 are essentially congruent.
    [0048] The second collection conductor 14 still has a left longitudinal section 19 (in the introduction to the description indicated as “fourth collection conductor section”) that extends at least approximately perpendicular to the slightly diagonal lower cross section 16, in the example of execution and a corresponding longitudinal right part 20 (in the introduction of the description also indicated as “fourth section of the collection conductor”), which has at least approximately one parallel course. Both longitudinal parts 19, 20 are found respectively over the zone of the lower heatable layer 11 and are in direct electrical contact with it. They extend outwardly to the lower cross section 16 and are approximately conclusively completed with the upper or lower edge of the lower heatable layer 11, so that it has no electrical contact with the lower cross section 16. With respect to both minor edges 5b of the windshield panel 1, the longitudinal parts 19, 20 are moved accordingly.
    [0049] The left longitudinal part 19 is electrically connected via a left junction part 21 with the upper cross section 15 of the second collection conductor 14. In the corresponding way the right longitudinal part 20 is electrically connected via a right junction part 22 to the upper cross section of the second collection conductor 14. Both junction parts 21, 22 pass predominantly in the region of the edge 17, so that an electrical short circuit between both zones of the heated layer 10, 11 is avoided.
    [0050] The first collection conductor 13 is also ordered on an intermediate longitudinal part 23 (in the introduction of the description it is indicated as “third section of the collection conductor”), which extends originating from the lower cross section 16 at least approximately perpendicular. The intermediate longitudinal part 23 extends across the horizontal stripes 9 completely in the lower heatable coating zone 11, when approximately conclusively they are completed with the lower elongated edge of the lower heatable coating zone 11. Therefore, the intermediate longitudinal part 23 divides the horizontal stripes 9 in two sections of strip 26. The longitudinal portion 23 is approximately centered between the left and right longitudinal parts 19, 20 and has at least approximately a parallel course for them. It is applied over the lower heatable coating zone 11 and is in direct electrical contact with it. On the one hand, through the left longitudinal part 19 and the intermediate longitudinal part 23 and on the one hand through the right longitudinal part 20 and the intermediate longitudinal part 23, respectively, the two second heating fields 24 are defined within the zone of the lower heatable layer 11 especially for heating an inoperative or stationary opaque position of the windscreen wipers (not shown) for cleaning the visual field of the windscreen panel 1 included respectively. Both second heating fields 24 are galvanically separated by the horizontal stripes 9 free of heating layer from the first heating field 17. The three longitudinal parts 19, 20 23 and both junction parts 21, 22 are lined through the opaque paint layer 18.
    [0051] Within the horizontal stripes 9 free of heating coating, a separate heating element 25 (ohmic heat conductor) is respectively arranged on both parts of the longitudinal part 23 respectively on the two strip sections 26 respectively. Each of both heating elements 25 has a serpentine curved course and extends originating from the junction parts 21, 22 equilateral from the second collecting conductor 14 to the intermediate longitudinal part 23, makes a first return curve, extends to the junction parts 21, 22, makes a second return curve and extends to the intermediate longitudinal part 23, when it radiates in the lower cross section 16 of the first collecting conductor 13. Both heating elements 25 are directly electrically connected then respectively both with the first collection conductor 13 and the second collection conductor 14. It would also be possible for both heating elements 25 to have a different course, for example, a zigzag course, on which it depends only, that both the heating elements 25 cover the area of both strip sections 26 at least approximately completely.
    [0052] Both collection conductors 13, 14 and both heating elements 25 here consist, for example, of the same material. They can, for example, be produced by printing a conductive paste, especially in the screen printing process, which, for example, is cooked during the folding of the windshield panel 1. They can, for example, be implanted as electrodes in the form of stripes or strips respectively. Alternatively, they can also consist of thin, narrow metal foil strips, for example, copper or aluminum, which are fixed especially on the adhesive layer 4 and applied to the connection of the external and internal panel 2, 3 with electrical contact on the heating coating. Through the action of heat and printing on the connection of the individual panels an electrical contact can be guaranteed.
    [0053] By applying a supply voltage to both collection conductors 13, 14, the first heating field 17 and both the second heating fields 24 can simultaneously be heated. In addition, both heating elements 25 are thus provided with the supply voltage, through which the windshield panel 1 is heated in an area comprising the horizontal stripes 9 free of a heating layer. Based on the comparison of the ohmic resistances that neglect the heating coating 6, the collection conductors 13, 14 therefore heat up and make virtually no significant contribution to the heating power. Unlike here, the electrical resistance of both heating elements 25 is essentially greater than that of the collection conductor 13, 14, to achieve a corresponding heating power. For this purpose, the heating elements 25 can have a width perpendicular to their use, which measures around, for example, 0.3 to 2 mm, especially around 0.5 to 1 mm, while the collection conductors 13, 14 have the same thickness as the layer and at least approximately the length of a comparable amplitude around, for example, 16 to 20 mm. Therefore, the first heating field 17 is heated adjacent to the lower cross section 16 of the first collecting conductor 13 through both heating elements 25, so that also in a surface area of the wind protection panel 1 comprising the lower cross section 16 can be reliably and safely prevented from freezing. In particular, it can be avoided that the windshield wipers need to be coated over a surface area of the freezing wind protection panel 1 comprising the lower cross section 16. Advantageously both heating elements 25 each have such a modality, which can achieve a heat performance in the surface area of the wind protection panel 1 comprising the lower cross section 16 by heating both heating elements 25. specific, which at least corresponds to the specific heating power of the first heating field 17. For example, the first heating field 17 can be configured, so that by impact with a voltage on board from 12 to 24 Volts a power is reached specific heating power of 3 to 4 Watt / dm2, while through both heating elements 25 a higher specific heating power around approximately 30% is achieved in the area of the horizontal stripes 9 with coating removal. In this sense, it can be an advantage to avoid thermal stresses, when the specific heating power in the horizontal stripes with coating removal 9 corresponds to a maximum of 8 Watt / dm2. Advantageously, a distance between both heating elements 25 and lower cross section 16 corresponds to a maximum of 1 millimeter, so that a special effective heating of the surface area comprising cross section 16 can be achieved.
    [0054] Just for the sake of completeness, it would also be possible to form the heating element 25 of a different material than the collection conductors 13, 14.
    [0055] In relation to Figure 3A to 3B and Figure 4, an exemplary process for the manufacture of the windshield panel 1 is described.
    [0056] Initially the outer and inner panel 2, 3 are cut with the desired trapezoidal contour of a glass plate and subsequently the inner panel 2 is coated with the heated coating 6 by spraying, where the edge region 7 is not coated through masking (step I). Alternatively, it would also be possible for a plate to be coated initially, from which the inner panel is then cut. In this way, the pre-treated inner panel 2 is then removed from the coating to form the horizontal stripes 9 and the communication window 12, which can be done in industrial series production, for example, by means of a coating removal emery. Alternatively, it can also be produced from the edge 7 region by removing the coating (step II). In Figure 3A, the areas of the inner panel 3 free of heating coating are shown. Especially recognizable are the areas of heated coating 10, 11 separated by the horizontal stripes 9. The horizontal stripes 9 can have an amplitude measured transversely to their margin around, for example, 10 to 20 mm.
    [0057] As shown in figure 3B, subsequently through prints, for example, screen printing with a printing paste, for example, screen printing paste, both collection conductors 13, 14 and both heating elements 25 are printed on the inner panel 3 (step III). Thereby both busbars of the cross sections 15, 16 respectively of the first heating field 17 and the busbars of the three longitudinal parts 19, 20, 23 respectively of both heating fields 24 are formed. Both heating elements 25 are located on the horizontal stripes 9 free of heat-resistant coating.
    [0058] Then the printing paste is precooked, followed by the folding of panels 2, 3 by high temperature, sticking and soldering the external connections (not shown), as well as a combination of the internal and external panel 3, 2 and glued through adhesive layer 4 (step IV).
    [0059] The invention provides a transparent panel with electrically heated coating, in which the coating to form at least two heating fields separated from each other is galvanically divided by at least one free zone of heated coating, in which the free zone of coating heating element comprising the surface area of the panel is heatable through at least one heating element. In addition, an adjacent surface area of the panel can here be heated in a heatable coating, which however comprises a considerable heating power which is added to the collection conductor and which does not belong to a heating field, through the element of heating. By this measure the defrosting properties of the panel can be improved considerably especially in a surface area of a stationary or inoperative position of the windscreen wipers of a windscreen panel.
    [0060] List of Reference Signs
    [0061] 1 Composite panel
    [0062] 2 External panel
    [0063] 3 Internal panel
    [0064] 4 Adhesive layer
    [0065] 5 Edge of the panel
    [0066] 5th Longest panel edge
    [0067] 5b Shorter panel edge
    [0068] 6 Heatable coating
    [0069] 7 Edge region
    [0070] 8 Edge of the heating layer
    [0071] 9 Horizontal stripes
    [0072] 10 Top heatable coating zone
    [0073] 11 Lower heatable coating zone
    [0074] 12 Communication window
    [0075] 13 First collection conductor
    [0076] 14 Second collection driver
    [0077] 15 Upper cross section
    [0078] 16 Lower cross section
    [0079] 17 First heating field
    [0080] 18 Paint layer
    [0081] 19 Longitudinal left part
    [0082] 20 Right longitudinal part
    [0083] 21 Left junction part
    [0084] 22 Right junction section
    [0085] 23 Intermediate longitudinal section
    [0086] 24 Second heating field
    [0087] 25 Heating element
    [0088] 26 Track section
    [0089] 27 Point matrix area
    [0090] 28 Complete printing area
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. Transparent panel (1) with a transparent, electrically heated coating (6), characterized by the fact that it extends over at least a part of the surface of the panel, especially over its visual field, in which the heating coating (6) is divided by at least one free coating zone (9) into at least one first coating zone (10) and a second coating zone (11), where the two coating zones (10, 11) are electrically connected with at least minus two collection conductors (13, 14) respectively, so that, after applying a supply voltage, which is supplied by a voltage source, a current flows through at least one first heating field (17) respectively formed by the first coating zone (10) and at least a second heating field (24) formed by the second coating zone (11), in which at least one heating element is arranged in the coating free zone (9) (25), that you an ohmic resistance such that, by applying the supply voltage to the heating element (25), the panel can be heated in a surface area containing the free coating zone (9), and in which the at least one heating element heating (25) is configured so that, by applying the supply voltage to the heating element (25), the panel is also heatable in at least one surface area adjacent to the coating free zone (9), surface area this containing at least one of the collection conductors (13,14), in which the specific heating power of the at least one heating element (25) is greater than the specific heating power of the heating field (17, 24 ) with whose coating zone (10, 11) the collection conductor (13, 14) contained in the surface area is electrically connected.
    [0002]
    2. Transparent panel (1) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the heating element (25) is electrically connected to at least two of the collection conductors (13, 14), which are provided for a connection with different poles of the voltage source.
    [0003]
    3. Transparent panel (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that at least one collection conductor (15, 19, 20) from the first coating zone (10) and at least one collection conductor ( 16, 23) of the second coating zone (11), which are provided for connection to one and the same pole as the voltage source, are electrically connected to each other.
    [0004]
    4. Transparent panel (1) according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that a first collection conductor (13) provided for connection to a pole comprises a first collection conductor section (16) connected to the first coating zone and at least a second collection conductor section (23) connected to the second coating zone, wherein the second collection conductor section (23) extends from the first collection conductor section (16) at least at an angle , especially perpendicular, for the first collection conductor section (16), in which a second collection conductor (14) provided for connection to the other pole comprises a third collection conductor section (15) connected to the first coating zone (10) and at least a fourth collection conductor section (20, 21) connected to the second coating zone (11), which extends to the first collection conductor section (16), without being electrically connected to it.
    [0005]
    5. Transparent panel (1) according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the coating free zone (9) is divided by the second collection conductor section (23) into at least two parts of zone of approximately identical size (26), in which the second collection conductor section (23) is arranged between two fourth collection conductor sections (20, 21).
    [0006]
    6. Transparent panel (1) according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that at least one heating element (25) is arranged in each zone part (26).
    [0007]
    7. Transparent panel according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized by the fact that the at least one heating element (25) is configured so that, by applying the supply voltage, the surface area of the panel, which contains the first collection conductor section (16), is also heatable.
    [0008]
    8. Transparent panel (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the heating element (25) is made of one and the same material as the collecting conductor (13, 14), where the heating element (25) has a width perpendicular to its length measuring in the range of 0.3 to 2 mm, where the collection conductors (13, 14) with the same layer thickness and at least approximately comparable length , has a width in the range of 16 to 20 mm.
    [0009]
    Transparent panel (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the heating element (25) is produced from a metallic printing paste.
    [0010]
    10. Transparent panel (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is configured as a composite panel.
    [0011]
    11. Transparent panel (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by the fact that it is implemented as a vehicle windshield, in which the at least one heating element (25) is located in the region from an inoperative or stationary position of the windshield wipers provided to clean the panel.
    [0012]
    12. Process for producing a transparent panel (1), characterized by the fact that it contains the following steps: producing a panel (1) provided with a transparent, electrically heated (6) coating; forming at least one free coating zone (9) on the coating (6), whereby the heatable coating (6) is divided into at least a first coating zone (10) and a second coating zone (11); produce at least two collection conductors (13, 14), which are electrically connected to the two coating zones (10, 11), so that, after applying a supply voltage, in each case a current flows through at least at least a first heating field (17) formed by the first coating zone (10) and at least a second heating field (24) formed by the second coating zone (11), producing at least one heating element (25) in the free coating zone (9), through which a surface area of the panel (1) containing the free coating zone (9) is heatable, in which at least one heating element (25) is configured so that, by applying the supply voltage to the heating element (25), the panel is also heated in at least one surface area adjacent to the free coating area (9), which surface area contains at least one of the collection conductors ( 13), where the specified heating power of the at least one heating element (25) is greater than the specific heating power of the heating field (17) with whose coating zone (10) the collection conductor (13) contained in the surface area is electrically connected .
    [0013]
    13. Process according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that, in the coating-free zone (9), the coating is removed by mechanical ablation.
    [0014]
    14. Process according to claim 12 or 13, characterized by the fact that the at least one heating element (25) is made of the same material as the collection conductors (13, 14) and formed together with them, where the heating element (25) has a width perpendicular to its length measuring in the range of 0.3 to 2 mm, where the collection conductors (13, 14) with the same layer thickness and at least approximately comparable length , has a width in the range of 16 to 20 mm.
    [0015]
    15. Process according to claim 14, characterized by the fact that the at least one heating element (25) and the collection conductors (13, 14) are produced by printing, especially screen printing.
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    同族专利:
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    EA022157B1|2015-11-30|
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    US9302451B2|2016-04-05|
    MX2012012079A|2012-11-29|
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    PL2569189T3|2017-04-28|
    EP2569189B1|2016-11-02|
    EP2569189A1|2013-03-20|
    EA201291146A1|2013-04-30|
    KR20130084600A|2013-07-25|
    JP2013526443A|2013-06-24|
    DE212011100044U1|2012-10-04|
    JP5600364B2|2014-10-01|
    US20130161309A1|2013-06-27|
    WO2011141487A1|2011-11-17|
    CN102753403A|2012-10-24|
    CN102753403B|2016-09-07|
    BR112012022794A2|2016-07-19|
    KR101493577B1|2015-02-13|
    引用文献:
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    US5434384A|1991-07-22|1995-07-18|Ppg Industries, Inc.|Coated windshield with special heating circuit for wiper arm storage area|
    US6492619B1|2001-04-11|2002-12-10|Centre Luxembourgeois De Recherches Pour Le Verre Et La Ceramique S.A. |Dual zone bus bar arrangement for heatable vehicle window|
    DE10160806A1|2001-12-11|2003-06-26|Saint Gobain Sekurit D Gmbh|Heating disc with an electrically conductive surface coating|
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    CN2891574Y|2006-03-30|2007-04-18|崔海宁|Electric heated defrosting windshield glass|
    EP1951001A1|2007-01-24|2008-07-30|Pilkington Italia S.p.A.|Heatable vehicle glazing|
    DE102007008833A1|2007-02-23|2008-08-28|Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg|Transparent composite disk for e.g. windscreen, of vehicle, has heating element provided with low-impedance conducting elements e.g. wires and/or printed conducting paths, in surface area not heated by coating and on surface of coating|
    DE102007050286A1|2007-10-18|2009-04-23|Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg|Transparent disc with an electrically heatable coating|
    DE202008017848U1|2008-04-10|2010-09-23|Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg|Transparent disc with a heatable coating and low-resistance conductive layers|
    DE102008029986B4|2008-06-24|2017-03-23|Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg|Transparent disc with a heatable coating|EP2622938B1|2010-09-09|2016-11-09|Saint-Gobain Glass France|Transparent panel having a heatable coating|
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    EP3132655B1|2014-04-17|2020-04-22|Saint-Gobain Glass France|Transparent disc with thermal coating|
    EP3178294B1|2014-08-08|2019-07-31|Saint-Gobain Glass France|Transparent pane with an electrical heating layer, method for its production and its use|
    EA033681B1|2014-08-08|2019-11-15|Saint Gobain|Transparent pane having an electrical heating layer, method for the production thereof, and use thereof|
    PL3189706T3|2014-09-04|2019-03-29|Saint-Gobain Glass France|Pane with electric heating area|
    WO2016096593A1|2014-12-16|2016-06-23|Saint-Gobain Glass France|Transparent pane having an electrical heating layer and production process therefor|
    CN105376884B|2015-09-17|2018-07-17|福建省万达汽车玻璃工业有限公司|Electrical heating automobile sandwich-glass with shunting busbar|
    CN105357784B|2015-09-17|2018-02-16|福建省万达汽车玻璃工业有限公司|The uniform electrically heated automobile sandwich-glass of rain brush resting position|
    US10953814B2|2016-02-29|2021-03-23|Illinois Tool Works Inc.|Hybrid heater for vehicle sensor system|
    EP3220716A1|2016-03-14|2017-09-20|Saint-Gobain Glass France|Transparent window pane with electrical heating layer|
    USD814371S1|2016-11-02|2018-04-03|Ford Global Technologies, Llc|Vehicle windshield|
    USD803118S1|2016-11-02|2017-11-21|Ford Global Technologies, Llc|Vehicle windshield|
    USD805978S1|2016-12-19|2017-12-26|Ford Global Technologies, Llc|Vehicle windshield|
    USD805977S1|2016-12-19|2017-12-26|Ford Global Technologies, Llc|Vehicle windshield|
    JP6922210B2|2016-12-20|2021-08-18|Ａｇｃ株式会社|Vehicle window glass|
    KR102058865B1|2018-04-12|2019-12-24|아이엠|Heating device using hyper heat accelerator and method for manufacturing the same|
    CN110733463B|2019-10-30|2020-11-24|桂林电子科技大学|Preheating system for removing ice and snow of automobile|
    CN112047648B|2020-09-01|2021-10-19|福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司|Front windshield with transparent conductive layer|
    法律状态:
    2018-12-26| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-10-29| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-06-09| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-07-07| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 10/05/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    2022-03-08| B21F| Lapse acc. art. 78, item iv - on non-payment of the annual fees in time|Free format text: REFERENTE A 11A ANUIDADE. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    EP10162471|2010-05-10|
    EP10162471.6|2010-05-10|
    PCT/EP2011/057565|WO2011141487A1|2010-05-10|2011-05-10|Transparent panel having heatable coating and production method therefor|
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